TOUR OF THE HABITAT WORLD SEEN BY CIVIL SOCIETY

# Les mots-clés

“Brick and Mortar” Assistance This terms refers to public financial assistance for the construction or rehabilitation of housing that will be rented out or used to encourage access to homeownership. It seeks to reduce rent levels...
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(Urban) Decentralization Definition Decentralization of governance: Over the past 25 years, many countries have embarked on a process of decentralization. This process consists of a transfer of skills to lower levels of gove...
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Access to property ownership Definition In legal language, the right of ownership is divided into three "real rights": the frustes meaning the right to receive the fruit of property, the usus meaning the right to use property an...
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Athens Charter "The Athens Charter for the Restoration of Historic Monuments. Adopted at the First International Congress of Architects and Technicians of Historic Monuments, Athens 1931." "Seven important resolu...
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Balkanization "The act of balkanizing, the act of balkanizing." Balkanize: "To divide a territorial or political entity into autonomous states in order to take advantage of the divisions thus created." "...
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Barrio "The notion of "barrio" not only evokes exclusion, segregation, deterioration, unaccepted and unacceptable, but also contrasts with that of urbanization and urban society." "There is in fact a whol...
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Brusselization Definition "Bruxellization (in Dutch: verbrusseling) is a term used by urban planners to describe the anarchic development of an old city delivered to developers. This phenomenon owes its name to the...
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Cittàslow or “Slow City” Definition The rallying cry is slowness, at a time when this idea is not particularly popular, drowned out by words like ‘efficiency,’ ‘profitability,’ and ‘growth.’ This movement offers a new approa...
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City Center “A church, a square, a town hall: this is how we recognize a city center. This is where public events, exchange, and politics (in the Greek sense of polis) occur. Over time, the role and importance of...
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Cluster City "The concept of cluster cities is determined by a new distribution of urban density and the emergence of mega-structures and network systems." Source: LaboratoryFor ArChitecture LABFAC (http://www....
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Community Land Trust Philosophy Community Land Trusts (CLT) are an operational alternative approach to the private ownership of land and the individual appropriation of land resources in the form of rent or capital gain,...
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District heating "A heating network, also a district heating network, distributes heat in a city through pipes running underground on public roads. This heat can be in the form of hot water, or steam. District heating...
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Edge City "Edge city is an American term that refers to a device that focuses urbanized area businesses, services, shopping and recreation. The term was used in 1991 in a book by Joel Garreau. He invented when...
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Eviction Eviction refers to the forcible removal of someone from the place where he or she lives. In principle, it occurs in the aftermath of a judicial or administrative decision. It should be preceded by an...
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Garden City The Garden cities were used as the model for many suburbs. Howard Ebenezer (in his book "a Peaceful Path to Real Reform" in 1898) believed that such Garden Cities were the perfect blend of city and na...
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Gated communities "In its modern form, a gated community is a form of residential community or housing estate containing strictly-controlled entrances for pedestrians, bicycles, and automobiles, and often characterized...
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Gentrification Gentrification (from “gentry,” the petty English nobility) is the process by which the sociological character of a neighborhood changes to the benefit of a higher social class. In French, it is also k...
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Historic Center An historic center is a city’s old core. In some cities, it is confined to a handful of monuments; in others, it comprises the entire town. Historic centers pose several distinct urban planning pr...
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Housing Cooperatives The Statement on the Cooperative Identity states that a cooperative is an “autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspiration...
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Housing financialization Definition Manuel Aalbers (Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium), proposes an economic definition of the phenomenon: financialization can be characterized as the passage of capital from the prima...
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Housing Insalubrity The concepts of salubrity and insalubrity (or security and insecurity) are not universal. Each country, however, that incorporates this concept in its legislation defines it differently. It is possib...
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Individual Assistance Individual assistance is public financial assistance given to a household for the purpose of buying, acquiring, building, or improving a dwelling. It is determined by considering the dwelling’s charac...
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Informal Settlement The UN defines “informal settlements” as a “group of ten or more dwellings located on public or private land, built without the owner’s authorization, and independent of any legal formalities or respe...
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Involuntary Resettlement (“Déguerpissement”) The French term “déguerpissement” dates back to the Middle Ages. If an heir decided that a good he was to inherit was saddled with debt, he could renounce it and hand it over to his lord. French co...
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Land Grabbing Definition Translated by ASSOAL · Published 06 October 2016 · Updated October 06, 2016 The expression “land grabbing – to grab” resurfaced in the international scenes in 2007-2008 during the interna...
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Land Registry Definition "In a classic way, the cadastre is considered as "the civil status of land ownership" "More precisely, it can be defined as "the general inventory of built and unbuilt buildings in a mu...
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Land speculation "Literally, land speculation would be the act of buying land to sell it for more in the future, ceteris paribus. This kind of speculation is very rare because of the cost of transferring ownership."...
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Mobility (transport) Mobility is the ownership or character of what can move or be moved in space. The mobility of natural persons may be limited by certain disabilities and for all it implies accessibility to transport m...
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Neighborhood contracts
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Parcel "A basic territorial unit, limited and defined by two forms of appropriation: ownership and land use. A parcel of property is a cadastral parcel (the smallest unity of the land register) and a land us...
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Participatory budget Definition Participatory budgeting is a process by which the population defines the destination of public resources, usually some or all of the investments. Ubiratan de Souza, a former member of t...
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Participatory budgeting Participatory budgeting is a process by which people define the destination of public resources, usually part or all of the investment. Ubiratan de Souza, former elected Workers' Party in Porto Alegr...
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Peri-Urbanization This neologism refers to the diffuse urbanization that can be observed in rural areas neighboring major urban areas. It has gradually replaced synonymous or nearly synonymous concepts: “urban exodus,”...
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Real Estate Speculation Real estate speculation is defined as the buying or development of real estate at a price well below market value. The real estate is then resold by the proprietor, in most cases, but also occasionall...
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Requisition What is requisition law? It is a procedure by which an authority (civil or military) demands the handover of movable goods, the use of property, or the provision of services needed to ensure the prope...
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Residuation For British researchers, this term of residuation is used to unite two concomitant phenomena in the field of housing: The decline of the public rental sector (the privatization of the social hous...
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Right to housing By ASSOAL · Published 02 October 2016 · Updated October, 2, 2016 The rights to lodging can be defined in so many ways. In a simple language, we can say that it is for everyone to have a descent and r...
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Right to the City DEFINITION The goal of this right is to ensure the efficacy of collective and individual rights to the city, an urban territory and social space in which can one come and go as one pleases; where one...
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Rights to the City Definition It consists of ensuring the effectiveness of this right, both collective and individual in the towns, urbanised zones and social areas in which one can freely choose to visit, depending on...
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Sanitation Urban solid waste is a source of many inconveniences in our cities. The phenomenon is all the more complex as some cities are experiencing rapid demographic and spatial growth, leading to a high rate...
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Shantytown (or slum) The term “shantytown,” which has many local variations, refers to several types of housing and settlement. The French term “bidonville” has been used since the 1950s to designate, in the North African...
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Shrinking Cities Over the last fifty years, some 370 cities of more than 100,000 inhabitants have registered population losses as great as 10%. An extreme example is the Iranian city of Âbâdân, which has lost 90% of i...
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Slum 1845, from back slum "dirty back alley of a city, street of poor or low people" (1825), originally a slang or cant word meaning "room," especially "back room" (1812), of unknown origin, pastime popula...
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Social diversity “Social diversity is both a condition—the fact that social groups with different characteristics share the same territory—and a process—the act of facilitating the cohabitation on a particular territo...
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Social Function (of land – of property) For Aristotle (-384 to -322), the concept of social ownership means that the individual property is facing a common use. Believing that private property was a need for people to take ownership of cert...
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Social function (of property) According to Aristotle (-384 to-3220 the social notion of property means that individual ownership is turned to a common use). Believing that private property was a necessity for people to acquire som...
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Social Production of Habitat DEFINITION "The social production of habitat (concept developed in Latin America) encompasses the process and the product resulting from the collective effort of individuals to build their own habitat...
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Social production of habitat DEFINITION "The social production of habitat (concept developed in Latin America) includes the process and the product resulting from the collective initiative of the people to build their own habitat...
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Spatial Mismatch Source (en) : The Mechanisms of Spatial Mismatch
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Spatial planning Definition "Spatial planning is, as its name suggests, spatial planning. Any attempt to go beyond this definition can only be linked to particular objectives or perspectives because the very notion o...
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