ELEMENTS OF CONTEXT
HISTORY
DEMOGRAPHY
SOCIO-ECONOMICAL CONTEXT
ODIOUS PUBLIC DEBT
Such debt has three salient features have been taken in the absence of consent of the people – no benefit for this population – the creditors know that. It was under the dictatorial Somoza regime from 1974 to 1979 the debt has begun. It amounted in 2010 to USD 2,7Mds.
Nicaragua has “benefited” from the HIPC Initiative on its debt, a debt forgiveness program for the poorest countries. But it was mainly to cancel unpayable debts that have led the country to suspend its refund. While debt relief is conditioned by the application of a range of neoliberal measures that degrade the lives of a large part of the population, violate their rights to human development and weakens the economies of countries by opening the international competition that local producers are not able to face. The HIPC stopped in Nicaragua in 2004.
Source: CADTM – Committee for the Abolition of Third World debt, the debt figures in 2012
HABITAT
HISTORY OF CITIES – HERITAGE
URBAN HOUSING
RURAL HOUSING
Legal Aspects
RIGHT TO HOUSING
Since 1987 – Article 64 of the Constitution: Nicaraguans have the right to decent housing, safe and comfortable family that ensures privacy. The State shall promote the application of this law.
Source: CETIM (publication COHRE)
FORCED EVICTION
USEFUL TOOLS :
- Database about housing right or land right violations in each country (Housing and Land Network) – http://www.hlrn.org/index.php#.VQRpjCgi3vQ
- Zero Evictions Campaign (International Alliance of Inhabitants) – http://www.habitants.org/zero_evictions_campaign/presentation/zero_evictions_campaign
LAND RIGHTS
LAND GRABBING
USEFUL TOOLS :
- Data about land grabbing (agricultural land) in the world (GRAIN) = https://www.grain.org/article/entries/4479-grain-releases-data-set-with-over-400-global-land-grabs
- The Online Public Database on Land Deals – Global Observatory : Land Matrix – http://landmatrix.org/en/
VULNERABLE GROUPS
SOME INTERESTING PRACTICES
- CENCOVICOD is an umbrella organization that promotes and supports the construction of housing, taking as a basis the principles of mutual aid, collective ownership and self-management. She is a member of COCEAVIS, coordinating umbrella organizations housing cooperatives in Latin America. To learn more, read the article on the Social Production of Habitat : http://urbamonde.org/site/sites/urbamonde.org/files/Brochure%20PSH%2002_WEB.pdf – Website WE EFFECT : http://www.weeffect.org/es/category/nicaragua/