There are two types of traditional habitat in Chad, adapted to the lifestyles of the people who build: housing sedentary populations of the South and much of northern populations and habitat nomadic transhumant peoples. The first consist of mud huts, arranged in villages, shapes and arrangements vary by ethnicity. The latter are informal settlements, quickly removable and transportable: tents, grouped into “ferriks” (camps). Depending on which ethnic forms of habitat can strongly differ in their shapes and materials. (1)

Legislation and state-owned land is governed by six pieces of legislation dating back to 1967 and their implementing regulations. These include, for example:

Article 1: Land ownership is found by the procedure of registration. This procedure involves the creation of a title called land title.

Article 13: Any unregistered land is deemed vacant and without master, unless there is reported evidence to the contrary.

Article 15: The State may register its name to the land vacant and ownerless.

Legislation: Land tenure and customary law in Chad

Since 2002, Chad tries to rework its land regulations to better manage the operation of its pastoral resources. Many draft process and repeatedly interrupted punctuate this journey. Faced with these difficulties, a new attempt is underway to create a “Pastoral Act” to adjust the nomadism and transhumance livestock on land Chad. (2)

1. Habitat au Tchad – Architecture et habitat, Dominique Auzias et Jean-Paul Abourdette, Petit Futé, ed. 2006-2007.
2. La législation foncière pastorale au Niger et au Tchad, Nicoletta Avela, Frédéric Reounodji, University of N’Djaména, Tchad, 2009.